Long considered an elite investment for high net-worth individuals, smaller private banks and certain institutional investors, the hedge fund market has grown up from a multimillion-dollar cottage industry into one where assets total more than $1 trillion. And the bulk of the growth in the past five years has been attributable to the entrance of institutional investors. Experts say the flood of capital has caused overcapacity in some hedge fund strategies, which, in turn, has caused deteriorating market conditions. Overall, pension fund managers are not at risk when investments are made in hedge funds or other alternative investments, says Herbert Kauffman, finance professor at the W. P. Carey School of Business. "But," he adds, "they are more at risk than they were when they didn’t risk any of it in these alternative investments. To the extent alternative investment allocations keep expanding, however, there may come a time when increased alternative investment allocations can become very worrisome."